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001575_owner-lightwav…mail.webcom.com_Sun Oct 29 00:24:25 1995.msg
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1995-11-07
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Date: Sun, 29 Oct 1995 02:17:30 -0500 (EST)
From: Ernie Wright <erniew@access.digex.net>
To: lightwave@mail.webcom.com
Subject: Re: Color Match,n
In-Reply-To: <Pine.3.89.9510272335.A3252-0100000@netcom17>
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Re Can I make an illegal NTSC signal, John Gross wrote:
> Toaster.... Not theoretically as the Toaster has built in filters.
> PAR.... Yes.
> MII to VHS...... Yes.
That's kinda my problem. The general answer appears to be "Sometimes."
My friends won't let me operate the analog equipment (for good reason),
but I'm allowed to watch, and stuff I *know* should be illegal doesn't
cause a problem and doesn't show much on the waveform monitor. It gets
fixed somewhere, downstream of rendering, so I've tended to worry about
it less and less.
For those who don't have video friends to lean on and want to know what
I'm not worried about:
Some time ago I posted a little program to tomahawk that lets you play
with color sliders and see the corresponding maximum NTSC IRE level.
The, um, formula is
a = 7.5 + 92.5 * ( y + sqrt( i * i + q * q ));
and (a > 110) or so is where the signal becomes illegal.
The most important thing is that the possibility of illegal signals is
entirely the result of the way color was added to b/w TV. It's not
possible to render an illegal grayscale image--in particular, white
(255, 255, 255) is fine. The big problems are fully saturated yellow
and cyan. Red's never illegal, it just induces more than the usual
amount of crosstalk with luminance.
The calculations that lead up to the formula are
#define GAMMA(x) (((x)<5) ? 4.5*(x) \
: 1.099 * pow((x)/255.0, 1/2.2) - 0.099)
r = GAMMA( red );
g = GAMMA( green );
b = GAMMA( blue );
y = 0.2989 * r + 0.5866 * g + 0.1144 * b;
i = 0.5959 * r - 0.2741 * g - 0.3218 * b;
q = 0.2113 * r - 0.5227 * g + 0.3113 * b;
- Ernie
--
Ernie Wright <erniew@access.digex.net> sent this message.
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